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54:1 [Lauda, sterilis, quae non paris ; decanta laudem, et hinni, quae non pariebas : quoniam multi filii desertae magis quam ejus quae habet virum, dicit Dominus.
*H Give praise, O thou barren, that bearest not: sing forth praise, and make a joyful noise, thou that didst not travail with child: for many are the children of the desolate, more than of her that hath a husband, saith the Lord.


Ver. 1. Barren Jews in captivity, or Church of the Gentiles, to which alone many of the expressions can be applied. C. — The Gentiles were before unfruitful, as the Jews will be till towards the latter times. W.

* Footnote * Luke 23 : 9 And he questioned him in many words. But he answered him nothing.
* Footnote * Galatians 4 : 27 For it is written: Rejoice, thou barren, that bearest not: break forth and cry thou that travailest not: for many are the children of the desolate, more than of her that hath a husband.
54:2 Dilata locum tentorii tui, et pelles tabernaculorum tuorum extende : ne parcas : longos fac funiculos tuos, et clavos tuos consolida.
*H Enlarge the place of thy tent, and stretch out the skins of thy tabernacles, spare not: lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes.


Ver. 2. Stakes, to receive so great a family. All the Israelites did not return, and it does not appear that many embraced their religion, as they have done that of Christ.

54:3 Ad dexteram enim et ad laevam penetrabis, et semen tuum gentes haereditabit, et civitates desertas inhabitabit.
*H For thou shalt pass on to the right hand, and to the left: and thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, and shall inhabit the desolate cities.


Ver. 3. Left. To the north and south. Jerusalem increased. But what was it compared with the Christian establishment!

54:4 Noli timere, quia non confunderis, neque erubesces ; non enim te pudebit, quia confusionis adolescentiae tuae oblivisceris, et opprobrii viduitatis tuae non recordaberis amplius.
*H Fear not, for thou shalt not be confounded, nor blush: for thou shalt not be put to shame, because thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and shalt remember no more the reproach of thy widowhood.


Ver. 4. Widowhood. Thy former excesses shall be forgotten. C.

54:5 Quia dominabitur tui qui fecit te, Dominus exercituum nomen ejus, et redemptor tuus, Sanctus Israel : Deus omnis terrae vocabitur.
*H For he that made thee shall rule over thee, the Lord of hosts is his name: and thy Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel, shall be called the God of all the earth.


Ver. 5. Thee. Heb. "Bohalaic (H.) shall be your Baalim," or husband, who was styled Lord. 1 Pet. iii. 6. Perhaps he may allude to the two wives, the synagogue and the Church, or to the idols, which should be adored no more.

* Footnote * Luke 11 : 32 The men of Ninive shall rise in the judgment with this generation and shall condemn it; Because they did penance at the preaching of Jonas. And behold more than Jonas here.
54:6 Quia ut mulierem derelictam et moerentem spiritu vocavit te Dominus, et uxorem ab adolescentia abjectam, dixit Deus tuus.
*H For the Lord hath called thee as a woman forsaken and mourning in spirit, and as a wife cast off from her youth, said thy God.


Ver. 6. Youth. This enhances her fault. God is pleased to overlook it, in the captives (C. l. 1.) and Gentiles.

54:7 Ad punctum in modico dereliqui te, et in miserationibus magnis congregabo te.
For a small moment have I forsaken thee, but with great mercies will I gather thee.
54:8 In momento indignationis abscondi faciem meam parumper a te ; et in misericordia sempiterna misertus sum tui, dixit redemptor tuus, Dominus.
In a moment of indignation have I hid my face a little while from thee, but with everlasting kindness have I had mercy on thee, said the Lord thy Redeemer.
54:9 Sicut in diebus Noe istud mihi est, cui juravi ne inducerem aquas Noe ultra super terram ; sic juravi ut non irascar tibi, et non increpem te.
*H This thing is to me as in the days of Noe, to whom I swore, that I would no more bring in the waters of Noe upon the earth: so have I sworn not to be angry with thee, and not to rebuke thee.


Ver. 9. Earth. Giving him the rainbow for a sign. My covenant with the Church is equally irrevocable: she is founded on a rock. Mat. xvi. 18. C. — Christ will no more abandon her than he will drown the world. Some mountains shall be moved out of their place, but she shall not. W.

* Footnote * Genesis 9 : 15 And I will remember my covenant with you, and with every living soul that beareth flesh: and there shall no more be waters of a flood to destroy all flesh.
54:10 Montes enim commovebuntur, et colles contremiscent ; misericordia autem mea non recedet a te, et foedus pacis meae non movebitur, dixit miserator tuus Dominus.
For the mountains shall be moved, and the hills shall tremble; but my mercy shall not depart from thee, and the covenant of my peace shall not be moved: said the Lord that hath mercy on thee.
54:11 Paupercula, tempestate convulsa absque ulla consolatione, ecce ego sternam per ordinem lapides tuos, et fundabo te in sapphiris :
*H O poor little one, tossed with tempest, without all comfort, behold I will lay thy stones in order, and will lay thy foundations with sapphires,


Ver. 11. Sapphires. Heb. "antimony," a mineral shining like silver. 4 K. ix. 30.

54:12 et ponam jaspidem propugnacula tua, et portas tuas in lapides sculptos, et omnes terminos tuos in lapides desiderabiles ;
*H And I will make thy bulwarks of jasper: and thy gates of graven stones, and all thy borders of desirable stones.


Ver. 12. Bulwarks. Heb. windows of crystal; (Ezec. xxvii. 16. C.) Prot. "of agate." H. — All this is allegorical, like the redemption of the new Jerusalem. Apoc. xxi.

54:13 universos filios tuos doctos a Domino, et multitudinem pacis filiis tuis.
*H All thy children shall be taught of the Lord: and great shall be the peace of thy children.


Ver. 13. Lord, Christ. Jer. xxxi. 33. John vi. 45.

* Footnote * John 6 : 45 It is written in the prophets: And they shall all be taught of God. Every one that hath heard of the Father and hath learned cometh forth me.
54:14 Et in justitia fundaberis : recede procul a calumnia, quia non timebis, et a pavore, quia non appropinquabit tibi.
*H And thou shalt be founded in justice: depart far from oppression, for thou shalt not fear; and from terror, for it shall not come near thee.


Ver. 14. Thee. The Cutheans rendered the Jews suspected. 1 Esd. iv. 2. and vi. 1

54:15 Ecce accola veniet qui non erat mecum, advena quondam tuus adjungetur tibi.
*H Behold, an inhabitant shall come, who was not with me, he that was a stranger to thee before, shall be joined to thee.


Ver. 15. To thee, in the inheritance. This was verified in the Church. We have no accout of many being converted before.

54:16 Ecce ego creavi fabrum sufflantem in igne prunas, et proferentem vas in opus suum ; et ego creavi interfectorem ad disperdendum.
*H Behold, I have created the smith that bloweth the coals in the fire, and bringeth forth an instrument for his work, and I have created the killer to destroy.


Ver. 16. Destroy. I can give peace or war. C. — Sept. "but I have created thee not for utter destruction." H.

54:17 Omne vas quod fictum est contra te, non dirigetur, et omnem linguam resistentem tibi in judicio, judicabis. Haec est haereditas servorum Domini, et justitia eorum apud me, dicit Dominus.]
No weapon that is formed against thee shall prosper: and every tongue that resisteth thee in judgment, thou shalt condemn. This is the inheritance of the servants of the Lord, and their justice with me, saith the Lord.
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